Diaphragm

A latex rubber dome-shaped device filled with spermicide is placed to cover the cervix. 

It can be inserted within two hours of sexual intercourse and should be left in for six to eight hours after intercourse. 

The diaphragm and the spermicide prevent semen from reaching the egg. 

Some of the advantages of the diaphragm are that it allows the woman more control over contraception, it can remain in place for multiple acts of intercourse, and it can be washed and reused. 

However it does require an initial fitting by a health professional and a high level of comfort with one’s body as it can be difficult to insert. 

A diaphragm may increase sexual pleasure by reducing the fear of pregnancy. 

However, it may cause pelvic discomfort if it is too large and insertion can interrupt intercourse if it was not inserted beforehand. 

The diaphragm is 94% effective if used correctly and consistently, but it does not protect against HIV and other STIs. 

There is also a possibility of irritation from the spermicide, which could increase the risk of HIV transmission.  Women at high risk of HIV infection should avoid using diaphragms.